Genetics plays a key role in hernia development, as some individuals inherit weaker connective tissues or structural abnormalities that increase their risk. If a close family member has had a hernia, the likelihood of developing one is higher. Congenital hernias, such as inguinal and umbilical hernias, can be present from birth due to incomplete closure of the abdominal wall. Additionally, genetic conditions affecting collagen production, like Ehlers-Danlos syndrome or Marfan syndrome, can weaken connective tissues, making hernias more likely.

Gender plays a significant role in hernia risk and type. Men are far more likely to develop inguinal hernias due to natural weaknesses in the groin area caused by testicular descent during fetal development. In contrast, women are more prone to femoral and umbilical hernias, especially due to pregnancy, hormonal changes, and weaker pelvic floor muscles. Additionally, chronic coughing, obesity, and heavy lifting, common risk factors for both genders, can further increase the likelihood of hernia formation.

While hernias can affect people of all racial backgrounds, genetic predisposition, lifestyle, and dietary habits may influence the risk of developing specific types of hernias. Studies suggest that inguinal hernias are more common in men of European and South Asian descent, possibly due to differences in connective tissue composition.

Poor dietary habits can contribute to hernia development by increasing strain on the abdominal muscles and digestive system. Low-fiber diets can cause constipation, leading to excessive straining during bowel movements—a major risk factor for hernias.

Excess weight is a significant risk factor for hernias, as increased abdominal pressure weakens muscles and makes them more prone to developing inguinal, umbilical, and hiatal hernias. Obesity can also lead to chronic strain, especially during physical activity, coughing, or bowel movements, further increasing hernia risks. Additionally, carrying extra weight may make hernia repair surgery more complex and slow down recovery.

While regular exercise is essential for overall health, certain activities can increase the risk of hernia development. Heavy weightlifting, high-intensity workouts, and exercises that strain the abdominal muscles (such as crunches or leg raises) can put excessive pressure on the abdominal wall and groin area, leading to hernias. Poor lifting techniques and lack of proper core strength further elevate the risk. Additionally, sudden, intense movements or overexertion without proper warm-up can contribute to muscle weakness.

Heavy lifting is a major risk factor for hernias, as it puts excessive strain on the abdominal muscles and groin area. Lifting without proper technique, especially when using the back instead of the legs, increases pressure on the abdominal wall, making it more susceptible to hernia formation. This is particularly true for individuals with weak connective tissues or pre-existing muscle weakness. Frequent lifting in manual labor jobs, weightlifting, or strenuous activities further raises the risk.